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Talc Powder and Ovarian Cancer
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There are currently talcum powder lawsuits where women, that have a history of using talc products; Johnson’s® Baby Powder and Shower to Shower Body Powder on their genitals, were found to have ovarian cancer. Scientific studies and the World Health Organization have identified an association between long-term genital use of talcum powder and cancer. In June 2013, Cancer Prevention Research published a study that determined females with a history of using talc containing powder on their genital region have a twenty to thirty percent increased risk of developing ovarian cancer. Presented with scientific studies, expert testimony, and factual evidence, a jury in St. Louis determined that Johnson & Johnson neglected to warn consumers about the risk of ovarian cancer connected with the genital area use of its talc-based powders. Company documents disclosed during the trial indicate that Johnson & Johnson was aware of the studies and tried to discredit them. The jury awarded $72 million in damages to the family of a woman who succumbed to ovarian cancer and had a history of using Johnson’s® Baby Powder and Shower to Shower® Body Powder.
The Link Between Talcum Powder & Ovarian Cancer
The earliest scientific research to outline a possible link between talc and ovarian cancer presented itself in 1971. Chronicled were pathology examinations of tissue samples from 10 women diagnosed with ovarian cancer. The researchers found talc in every one of the tissue samples, a sign that each woman’s talc containing powder had moved from her external genitalia to her internal organs. Eleven years later, an epidemiological study performed by Dr. Cramer of Brigham & Women’s Hospital demonstrated a statistical connection between a history of genital talc containing product use and ovarian cancer.
Results of the research show an increase in risk of ovarian cancer. An article about Dr. Cramer’s study appeared in the August 12, 1982 issue of The New York Times. The study examined the health history and genital talc usage of 215 women who were diagnosed with ovarian cancer and measured them to women who did not use talc. The results showed an association between the genital use of talc and ovarian cancer. Over the ensuing years, more than 15 studies have shown that long term, regular, genital use of talc-containing powder by women created a 33% increase of the risk of developing ovarian cancer. Though some studies have implied no link between the usage of baby powder and ovarian cancer, these studies have been criticized for not taking into account the duration and regularity of talc use which is the only proper measure of a woman’s exposure to talc.
Asbestos and Ovarian Cancer
During the formal discovery process in recent litigation that involves Johnson & Johnson, documents have come to light that expose company concerns over asbestos contaminated talc dating back several decades and that the company fought an intense campaign to hide test results, scientific details and other information that talc in its Baby Powder® contained asbestos. That Johnson & Johnsons Baby Powder® and Shower to Shower body powder, as well as other brands of talc containing powders could have been contaminated with asbestos, has focused most of the nationwide litigation. Though most asbestos litigation and claims focus on employment, military and industrial-related risk to asbestos, and asbestos containing products as causing mesothelioma, the ever increasing recent litigation is now focused on the link between asbestos, talc and ovarian cancer.
Focused on both the factual and scientific connections between exposure to asbestos contaminated talc powders and the development of ovarian cancer, the litigation is continuing to evolve and being joined by many women that have been diagnosed with ovarian cancer.
More News Regarding Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian Cancer and The Subtypes
Ovarian cancer is a general phrase which includes several subtypes which are known and distinguishable by their various characteristics and their location. The majority of ovarian cancer is found in the epithelium, that is the layer of tissue which surrounds the ovary. Almost ninety percent of all ovarian cancers are observed in the epithelium. There are several subtypes of epithelial ovarian cancers which includes serous cell and endometrioid.
Another subtype is peritoneal ovarian cancer. A small percent of ovarian cancer cases begin in the peritoneum which is bodily tissue which is separate and distinct from the ovaries. The peritoneum is a membrane that covers, protects, and assists in supporting the stomach organs including all of the reproductive organs.
Epithelial Ovarian Cancers
The most frequent type of ovarian cancer are the epithelial cancers, all of which are found in the epithelium — the layer of tissue that covers the ovary. In this group are the following subtypes:
Serous cell epithelial ovarian cancer
This is the most frequent subtype of all epithelial ovarian cancer, accounting for approximately 60% of newly diagnosed cases of ovarian cancer. When diagnosed, serous cell epithelial ovarian cancer is frequently classified as either low grade or high grade depending upon the nuclei and mitotic characteristics of the cells.
Endometrioid ovarian cancer
This subtype is known by its relationship to the endometrium, which is the membrane which is the inside lining of the uterus. Endometrioid ovarian cancer can often develop in conjunction with other cancers, diseases, or abnormalities that may affect the endometrium such as endometriosis.
Mucinous, Clear Cell, and Unclassified/Undifferentiated
These 3 are less common subtypes of ovarian cancer. Though distinguishable for diagnostic purposes, the prescribed treatment for each of them is the same.
Peritoneal Ovarian Cancers
Peritoneal ovarian cancer originates outside of the ovaries, in one or more areas of the peritoneum tissue. It could expand to other areas in the abdomen including, in some cases, the ovaries. The peritoneum is a membrane that covers, guards, and assists in the supporting of the abdominal organs including, for women, the uterus and all of the other female reproductive organs. The peritoneum consists of epithelial cells and, in this way, is similar to the epithelium tissue that surrounds the ovaries. Because of this, treatment of epithelial and peritoneal cancers is frequently similar. However, peritoneal cancer could be confined to the peritoneum and not affect the ovaries. It can develop in women who have had their ovaries removed. Primary peritoneal cancer can occur in any location in the peritoneum and not include the ovaries.
Peritoneal ovarian cancer usually means that cancer cells are present in both the peritoneum and one or both ovaries. The serous cell lining of the ovaries and the serous cell composition of the peritoneum signal each other and, in this manner, cancer cells could move, through shedding or other processes, between the two. When cancer cells appear in both of the ovaries and the peritoneum, the diagnosis is peritoneal ovarian cancer.
Staging of baby powder cancer is diagnosed, peritoneal, it is then staged to understand its severity and possible treatment options. A common ovarian cancer staging protocol is as follows:
Stage I — Growth of the cancer is limited to the ovary or ovaries.
Stage IA — Presence is limited to one ovary and the tumor is limited to the inside of the ovary. There is no cancer on the outer surface of the ovary. There are no ascites present containing malignant cells. The capsule is intact.
Stage IB — Presence is confined to both ovaries minus any tumor on their outer surfaces. There are no ascites observed containing malignant cells. The capsule is intact.
Stage IC — The tumor is classified as either Stage IA or IB and one or more of the following appear: tumor is confirmed on the outside surface of one or both ovaries; the capsule has ruptured; and there are ascites that contain malignant cells or with positive peritoneal washings.
Stage II — Presence of the cancer involves one or both ovaries with pelvic extension.
Stage IIA — The cancer has extended to and involves the uterus or the fallopian tubes, or both.
Stage IIB — The cancer has migrated to other pelvic organs.
Stage IIC — The tumor is classified as either Stage IIA or IIB and one or more of the following are present: tumor is appearing on the outer area of one or both ovaries; the capsule has ruptured; and there are ascites containing malignant cells or with positive peritoneal washings.
Stage III — Presence of the cancer involves one or both ovaries, and one or both of the following are appearing: the cancer has spread beyond the pelvis to the lining of the abdomen; and the cancer has spread to lymph nodes. The tumor is limited to the true pelvis but with histologically proven malignant migration to the small bowel or omentum.
Stage IIIA — During the staging operation, the doctor may see cancer including one or both of the ovaries, yet no cancer is grossly noticeable in the abdomen and it hasn’t spread to lymph nodes. However, when biopsies are observed under a microscope, very tiny deposits of cancer are discovered in the abdominal peritoneal surfaces.
Stage IIIB — The cancer is in one or both ovaries, and deposits of cancer are present in the abdomen that are large enough for the surgeon to observe but not bigger than 1 inch in diameter. The cancer has not spread to the lymph nodes.
Stage IIIC — The tumor is in one or both ovaries, and one or both of the following is present: the cancer has spread to lymph nodes; and the amounts of cancer are bigger than 1 inch in size and are discovered in the abdomen.
Stage IV — This is the most advanced stage of ovarian cancer. Presence of the cancer involves one or both ovaries and distant metastases have happened. Discovering ovarian cancer cells in pleural fluid is also evidence of stage IV disease.
The Link Between Talcum Powder & Ovarian Cancer
The earliest scientific research to outline a possible link between talc and ovarian cancer presented itself in 1971. Chronicled were pathology examinations of tissue samples from 10 women diagnosed with ovarian cancer. The researchers found talc in every one of the tissue samples, a sign that each woman’s talc containing powder had moved from her external genitalia to her internal organs. Eleven years later, an epidemiological study performed by Dr. Cramer of Brigham & Women’s Hospital demonstrated a statistical connection between a history of genital talc containing product use and ovarian cancer.
Results of the research show an increase in risk of ovarian cancer. An article about Dr. Cramer’s study appeared in the August 12, 1982 issue of The New York Times. The study examined the health history and genital talc usage of 215 women who were diagnosed with ovarian cancer and measured them to women who did not use talc. The results showed an association between the genital use of talc and ovarian cancer. Over the ensuing years, more than 15 studies have shown that long term, regular, genital use of talc-containing powder by women created a 33% increase of the risk of developing ovarian cancer. Though some studies have implied no link between the usage of baby powder and ovarian cancer, these studies have been criticized for not taking into account the duration and regularity of talc use which is the only proper measure of a woman’s exposure to talc.
Asbestos and Ovarian Cancer
During the formal discovery process in recent litigation that involves Johnson & Johnson, documents have come to light that expose company concerns over asbestos contaminated talc dating back several decades and that the company fought an intense campaign to hide test results, scientific details and other information that talc in its Baby Powder® contained asbestos. That Johnson & Johnsons Baby Powder® and Shower to Shower body powder, as well as other brands of talc containing powders could have been contaminated with asbestos, has focused most of the nationwide litigation. Though most asbestos litigation and claims focus on employment, military and industrial-related risk to asbestos, and asbestos containing products as causing mesothelioma, the ever increasing recent litigation is now focused on the link between asbestos, talc and ovarian cancer.
Focused on both the factual and scientific connections between exposure to asbestos contaminated talc powders and the development of ovarian cancer, the litigation is continuing to evolve and being joined by many women that have been diagnosed with ovarian cancer.
More News Regarding Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian Cancer and The Subtypes
Ovarian cancer is a general phrase which includes several subtypes which are known and distinguishable by their various characteristics and their location. The majority of ovarian cancer is found in the epithelium, that is the layer of tissue which surrounds the ovary. Almost ninety percent of all ovarian cancers are observed in the epithelium. There are several subtypes of epithelial ovarian cancers which includes serous cell and endometrioid.
Another subtype is peritoneal ovarian cancer. A small percent of ovarian cancer cases begin in the peritoneum which is bodily tissue which is separate and distinct from the ovaries. The peritoneum is a membrane that covers, protects, and assists in supporting the stomach organs including all of the reproductive organs.
Epithelial Ovarian Cancers
The most frequent type of ovarian cancer are the epithelial cancers, all of which are found in the epithelium — the layer of tissue that covers the ovary. In this group are the following subtypes:
Serous cell epithelial ovarian cancer
This is the most frequent subtype of all epithelial ovarian cancer, accounting for approximately 60% of newly diagnosed cases of ovarian cancer. When diagnosed, serous cell epithelial ovarian cancer is frequently classified as either low grade or high grade depending upon the nuclei and mitotic characteristics of the cells.
Endometrioid ovarian cancer
This subtype is known by its relationship to the endometrium, which is the membrane which is the inside lining of the uterus. Endometrioid ovarian cancer can often develop in conjunction with other cancers, diseases, or abnormalities that may affect the endometrium such as endometriosis.
Mucinous, Clear Cell, and Unclassified/Undifferentiated
These 3 are less common subtypes of ovarian cancer. Though distinguishable for diagnostic purposes, the prescribed treatment for each of them is the same.
Peritoneal Ovarian Cancers
Peritoneal ovarian cancer originates outside of the ovaries, in one or more areas of the peritoneum tissue. It could expand to other areas in the abdomen including, in some cases, the ovaries. The peritoneum is a membrane that covers, guards, and assists in the supporting of the abdominal organs including, for women, the uterus and all of the other female reproductive organs. The peritoneum consists of epithelial cells and, in this way, is similar to the epithelium tissue that surrounds the ovaries. Because of this, treatment of epithelial and peritoneal cancers is frequently similar. However, peritoneal cancer could be confined to the peritoneum and not affect the ovaries. It can develop in women who have had their ovaries removed. Primary peritoneal cancer can occur in any location in the peritoneum and not include the ovaries.
Peritoneal ovarian cancer usually means that cancer cells are present in both the peritoneum and one or both ovaries. The serous cell lining of the ovaries and the serous cell composition of the peritoneum signal each other and, in this manner, cancer cells could move, through shedding or other processes, between the two. When cancer cells appear in both of the ovaries and the peritoneum, the diagnosis is peritoneal ovarian cancer.
Staging of baby powder cancer is diagnosed, peritoneal, it is then staged to understand its severity and possible treatment options. A common ovarian cancer staging protocol is as follows:
Stage I — Growth of the cancer is limited to the ovary or ovaries.
Stage IA — Presence is limited to one ovary and the tumor is limited to the inside of the ovary. There is no cancer on the outer surface of the ovary. There are no ascites present containing malignant cells. The capsule is intact.
Stage IB — Presence is confined to both ovaries minus any tumor on their outer surfaces. There are no ascites observed containing malignant cells. The capsule is intact.
Stage IC — The tumor is classified as either Stage IA or IB and one or more of the following appear: tumor is confirmed on the outside surface of one or both ovaries; the capsule has ruptured; and there are ascites that contain malignant cells or with positive peritoneal washings.
Stage II — Presence of the cancer involves one or both ovaries with pelvic extension.
Stage IIA — The cancer has extended to and involves the uterus or the fallopian tubes, or both.
Stage IIB — The cancer has migrated to other pelvic organs.
Stage IIC — The tumor is classified as either Stage IIA or IIB and one or more of the following are present: tumor is appearing on the outer area of one or both ovaries; the capsule has ruptured; and there are ascites containing malignant cells or with positive peritoneal washings.
Stage III — Presence of the cancer involves one or both ovaries, and one or both of the following are appearing: the cancer has spread beyond the pelvis to the lining of the abdomen; and the cancer has spread to lymph nodes. The tumor is limited to the true pelvis but with histologically proven malignant migration to the small bowel or omentum.
Stage IIIA — During the staging operation, the doctor may see cancer including one or both of the ovaries, yet no cancer is grossly noticeable in the abdomen and it hasn’t spread to lymph nodes. However, when biopsies are observed under a microscope, very tiny deposits of cancer are discovered in the abdominal peritoneal surfaces.
Stage IIIB — The cancer is in one or both ovaries, and deposits of cancer are present in the abdomen that are large enough for the surgeon to observe but not bigger than 1 inch in diameter. The cancer has not spread to the lymph nodes.
Stage IIIC — The tumor is in one or both ovaries, and one or both of the following is present: the cancer has spread to lymph nodes; and the amounts of cancer are bigger than 1 inch in size and are discovered in the abdomen.
Stage IV — This is the most advanced stage of ovarian cancer. Presence of the cancer involves one or both ovaries and distant metastases have happened. Discovering ovarian cancer cells in pleural fluid is also evidence of stage IV disease.
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